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Brings together a biographical profile and more than four hundred of O'Sullivan's photographs.
- Sales Rank: #472452 in Books
- Published on: 1982-08
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Binding: Hardcover
- 334 pages
Most helpful customer reviews
12 of 12 people found the following review helpful.
Five stars for quality material: however, negative one and a half stars for its misinformation = overall 3 ½ stars
By Dan Sherman
First, a note: I have published a review on Amazon and elsewhere of "Framing the West: The Western Survey Photographs of Timothy H. O'Sullivan", Toby Jurovics, et al, Yale University Press, 2010. In that review I state that "Framing the West" is as excellent complimentary companion to earlier publications like James Horan's (1966) "Timothy O'Sullivan: America's Forgotten Photographer ", ...
The above statement holds true, but with certain qualifications. "Timothy O'Sullivan, America's Forgotten Photographer" appears to have been meticulously researched, with Horan including numerous facsimile copies of original documents involving O'Sullivan; an impressive feature seldom found it a biographical survey of this nature. However: although the book is loaded with very good in-depth information, it also contains a number of glaring errors. I do recommend it, provided caution is exercised when using it; use it in conjunction with one or more of the other books on O'Sullivan --- Framing the West (above), Joel Snyder (1981) "American Frontiers - the Photographs of Timothy H. O'Sullivan, 1867 - 1874", Keith F. Davis and Jane L. Aspinwall (2011) Timothy H. O'Sullivan: The King Survey Photographs (Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art). Despite being sprinkled with misinformation, "Forgotten Photographer" has very good material that is not found elsewhere.
SOME OF THE PROBLEMS
The first incorrect item in the book is the caption under the front piece photo. This misinformation, however, is not the fault of Horan. This book was first published in 1966, with a reprint in 1982. Horan researched this book from the mid 1950's through the mid 1960's; during that time period this photo was believed to be a self-portrait of O'Sullivan while working on the Darien Survey in 1870; it has since been determined to be John Moran with the Darien Expedition in 1871 (Russell Norton, Stereo World Vol. 3, No. 2). Determining attribution of photographs taken on the Darien Surveys can be problematic. Naval Commander T. O. Selfridge led survey parties to the Isthmus of Darien (Panama) in 1870, 1871 and 1873. Timothy O'Sullivan was the photographer in 1870, John Moran was with the 1871 expedition as their photographer, and there was no photographer in 1873. It appears the Navy lumped all the negatives together without listing the photographer or the year they were taken -- this, however, is part of another story. The photograph mentioned above has an "official" caption of "Photographer at Pinogana", it has been determined that O'Sullivan was not at Pinogana; the attribution of some of the Darien Expedition photos can be sorted out in this manner. I do not know specifically when the first known photograph of Timothy O'Sullivan entered the public realm, but I believe it may have been in the 1970's. It was at that time that E. Marshall Pywell donated some Pywell Family documents to the National Archives, this included a photograph of Timothy O'Sullivan. Also the Library of Congress, prints and photographs division has photographs of Timothy O'Sullivan and his wife Laura Pywell that they acquired from E. Marshall Pywell in 2010; E. Marshall Pywell is the great-grand nephew of Laura Pywell.
On pages one and two Horan has some serious misinformation relating to the photo shown (pg.2) and the accompanying text (pg.1 & 2). He captions it "O'Sullivan's view of Brady in the wheat field, scene of General McPherson's death at Gettysburg." The negative for this photo is at the National Archives (NWDNS-111-B-111) and is titled "Woods in Which General John F. Reynolds Was Killed. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 1863." The picture is of McPherson's Woods where General Reynolds died. I believe that most Civil War scholars and experts on Civil War photography would agree that Brady is one of the people shown in this photo, but I do not believe any of them would attribute it to O'Sullivan; O'Sullivan was no longer with Brady at the time of Gettysburg, he was with Alexander Gardner. Horan himself acknowledges that O'Sullivan was not with Brady at this time; on page xii, he states "O'Sullivan served his apprenticeship with Brady but left the old photographer to join Alexander Gardner, that intellectual Scot, when Gardner and Brady parted shortly after the start of the Civil War." Civil War photo historian Bob Zeller places the Brady / Gardner split somewhere between November 1862 and May 1863 (The Blue and Gray in Black and White, page 101); Gettysburg occurred from 1 - 3 July, 1863, after O'Sullivan had left Brady. In the text accompanying this photo, Horan describes a possible scenario involving O'Sullivan and Brady at this scene. He also attempts to personify O'Sullivan here and elsewhere throughout the book. He tries to paint a picture for us of what O'Sullivan was like at the personal level, what his character and traits were. He even entitles chapter one "A Shy Man"; he writes on page 2 "... Timothy H. O'Sullivan was a shy man, perhaps even a lonely man who never sought praise or credit." This contradicts accounts from his contemporaries; although O'Sullivan never kept a diary or journal, many of his contemporaries did. Despite all of the in depth research done by Horan, he apparently did not consult the journals kept by other members of Clarence King's fortieth parallel survey or those of the Wheeler expedition; he makes no mention of them in the text or in his notes, except in his acknowledgments on page xiii, that he did see G. K. Gilbert's field notes of the accent of the Colorado River by the Wheeler expedition in 1871. He may not have known where these journals were, or for that matter he may not have even been aware of their existence, he conducted his research in the 1950s and 60s; it was a far different time and environment in which to conduct research of this nature. Also, he was the first one to tackle the subject of who O'Sullivan was; he did not have the work of others to build on. Two things in the historical record tell me O'Sullivan was not a shy man. (1) - It is well documented throughout the King and Wheeler reports that when the party split into various groups O'Sullivan was placed in charge of some of these side parties. Both King and Wheeler repeatedly placed him in positions of authority and leadership; a shy man is not an ideal leader. Perhaps, soft spoken and somewhat reserved, but not shy; a leader must have the ability to be assertive when the circumstances require it. (2) - The journals and records of O'Sullivan's contemporaries draw a different portrait of O'Sullivan. Chapter one is labeled "A Shy Man" then on page 34 he writes "O'Sullivan was never a boastful man."
William W. Bailey, the botanist on King's 40th parallel survey, writes in his diary on May 11, 1867 after leaving New York aboard a steamer for Aspinwall, Panama in transit to California, "Messrs King and Custer occupied one of these rooms and O'Sullivan, Ridgeway and myself the other, and most jolly times we had in them." Bailey and O'Sullivan developed a close friendship, as Bailey writes of O'Sullivan later in his journal (page 40) "He and I became great friends always tenting together and chumming generally." Bailey likely knew O'Sullivan better than most of the other members of the 40th Parallel Expedition. Therefore, we can consider Bailey a bit of an authority on O'Sullivan when he refers to him in a letter to his brother Loring Bailey on August 14, 1867 that "His [O'Sullivan] chief fault is his reminiscences of the Potomac Army ... One would think he had slept with Grant and Meade and was the direct confident of Stanton" (Loring Woart Bailey papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, California). This does not sound like a shy and never boastful man that never sought praise or credit. He may not have been soft spoken either; Grove Karl Gilbert, geologist with the Wheeler Survey, writes in his journal on 21 September 1871 that it was a very windy day and states " ... it interfered with photography and kept O'Sullivan in a perpetual state of profanity." I have to at least somewhat fault Horan for attempting to personify O'Sullivan when he had such an extremely limited amount of data to work with. Also, on page 42 Horan creates a scenario involving O'Sullivan with the engineers building pontoon bridges during the Civil War - they come under attack - he writes: "Men screamed and fell. O'Sullivan calmly went on taking his pictures." Where did he get that information?
Chapter 4 is about O'Sullivan and the King Survey from 1867 through 1869. Despite the fact that researching O'Sullivan in the `50s and `60s was far different than today, I do not know how Horan missed the fact that O'Sullivan returned to Clarence King's 40th Parallel Expedition in 1872; on page 254, in reference to the year 1872, Horan writes "where O'Sullivan went that year or what he did we don't know, but he did return to Wheeler's Expedition in 1873 and again in 1875." We do know where O'Sullivan was in 1872; he was back with the King Survey. Also, how did Horan arrive at "Wheeler's Expedition in 1873 and again in 1875?" On page 257 he states "in 1874 O'Sullivan again was missing but he returned to the West in 1875 for the last time", informing us O'Sullivan was with Wheeler's Expedition in 1871, 1873 and 1875. O'Sullivan was with Wheeler in 1871, 1873 and 1874, not 1875; even the stereographic photos he took in 1874 are prominently labeled "Expedition of 1874".
Also, on page 254, in reference to the year 1872 and the Wheeler Survey, Horan states, "the following year O'Sullivan's place was taken by Dr. Bell, an adventurous English physician who was an expert photographer." The William Bell that replaced O'Sullivan in 1872 was "an expert photographer", but was not the English physician Dr. William Bell. There has been a lot of confusion over these two people, contemporaries, both with the name William Bell. One was a Medical Doctor that went to work as a photographer for Union Pacific Railroad, eastern division (later Kansas Pacific Railway) in 1867. The other a photographer that worked after the Civil War for the Army Medical Museum as its chief photographer and spent much of 1865 making photographs of soldiers with various diseases, wounds, and amputations, many of which were published in the book, "Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion." We have two contemporaries with the same name, one a medical doctor that became a photographer (briefly) and the other a photographer that took medical pictures, this is the William Bell that replaced O'Sullivan on Wheeler's 1872 survey. Over the years various researchers have sorted out the who, where, when, etc of these two people. Today the identity of each "William Bell" is quite well established. Despite the fact that "who's who" is generally well known, people today still misidentify these two individuals.
Another misidentified item, that may only be partially Horan's fault, is on page 39; he has captioned the photograph at the top of the page "A lightweight photographer's wagon carrying a box labeled "Brady's." The man on the left is believed to be O'Sullivan ..." This photograph is identified in the Library of Congress collection (LC-B8184-B-5077) as "Brady's photo outfit in front of Petersburg, Va", (date created 1864?) The Petersburg area was under assault from General Grant from June 1864 through March 1865, therefore, the exact date this photo may have been taken is uncertain. Although no known photos of O'Sullivan were in the public realm at the time Horan wrote this, with which to compare this one, one thing was known and was certain; O'Sullivan was not with Brady during the "Siege of Petersburg." The two people seated in front of the wagon are identified by Susan E. Williams as Egbert G. Fowx and Thomas C. Roche, two of Brady's photographers ("Richmond Again Taken" The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, 2002 - Vol. 110, No 4, p 443). I have not contacted Susan to determine her source for identifying these two individuals, but I am aware that she has conducted extensive research in collaboration with the Smithsonian Institution and the Virginia Historical Society involving the question of mis-attribution of Civil War photography.
There are other errors and shortcomings in this book, but this is just a general review, not a complete comprehensive appraisal of his work. The book has a lot of good information, but Horan is at times a bit inconsistent. He keeps putting O'Sullivan back with Brady after Gardner and O'Sullivan split from Brady. He also contradicts himself (albeit a rather minor incident) after mentioning O'Sullivan's work in Alexander Gardner's "Sketch Book of the Civil War", he states on page xi, "over half the negatives were made by O'Sullivan", on page 172 he reports this number to be 42 of 100, then on page 319 he writes that it is 45 of 100; my count is 44 of 100.
Again, provided caution is exercised when using it, I do recommend it. His inclusion of facsimile copies of historical documents is a valued feature. I find most of the problems in this book are located in his treatment of O'Sullivan during the Civil War and his attempt to personify O'Sullivan; he apparently did not have the journals / diaries of O'Sullivan's contemporaries to consult regarding O'Sullivan's personal life and his personality, to me it seems he did not have any real facts to work with - he was just guessing. Although I fault some aspects of his work, he is to be commended in others.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent highly recommend!
By .
Exceptional book. Fantastic photos. Truly a great photographer of historic America.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
good book about our Western photographer
By dolie thompson
fast shipping, love the book
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